Abstract
The influence of the direction of earthquake motions on the hydrodynamic loads on a fluid-filled rectangular tank and on the associated amplitudes of the water surface elevation is investigated. A superposition of the closed-form solution for motion parallel to a pair of sides is used to develop analytical results for an arbitrary direction of motion. The resulting solution is used to examine the effects of motion direction on the maximum force on the tank for both harmonic and earthquake-induced motions. For a harmonic motion, the highest loads occur for a motion parallel to a pair of sides, whereas the highest elevations generally occur for an intermediate direction of motion. For an earthquake-induced motion, both the highest loads and the highest elevations occur for a motion parallel to a pair of sides. An example application is provided, and the implication of the results on the design of rectangular tanks is indicated.Key words: added mass, damping, earthquakes, hydrodynamics, reservoirs, sloshing, tanks.
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