Abstract
In this paper, we propose X-type and K-type couplers based on the novel long-range air-hole assisted subwavelength waveguides. A finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used to simulate and analyze their characteristics. The results reveal that both the X-type and K-type couplers have very small transverse widths, which is suitable for high-density photonic integration. The excess losses of two couplers are less than 0.25 dB in one coupling period. Also, they can be integrated with other long-range air-hole assisted subwavelength waveguide devices to constitute large-scale planar integrated functional systems, which cannot be achieved by other waveguide couplers.
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