Abstract
The acoustic performance of longitudinally slotted thin-walled tubes was investigated at the U. S. Naval Air Development Center under its Foundational Research Program. Single-element and line transducers of various dimensions were fabricated from radially polarized, slotted piezoelectric ceramic tubes. Their acoustic properties were measured over a frequency range of 3–80 kHz. The tubes exhibited multiple directivity characteristics, in a plane normal to the axis of the tubes, at certain discrete frequencies. The shape of the directivity patterns and the frequencies at which they occurred were explained in terms of circumferential extensional vibrations with geometrically determined nodal positions. In addition, unidirectional response patterns were found at frequencies that were below the fundamental breathing mode of the tubes. These patterns had front to back ratios of 10 dB or greater. The experimental data and an analysis of the results are presented.
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