Abstract
An elegant method of achieving variable directional attenuation characteristics over a 10 per cent bandwidth at X-band using non-reciprocal action of a 3-port junction circulator is described. The developed models work over a frequency range of 9 to 10 GHz and give a variable attenuation of 0.3 to 20 dB, with a maximum VSWR of 1.22: 1. The limitations and merits of these devices over the commercially available reciprocal variable attenuators are discussed. Possible applications of these devices are also indicated.
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