Abstract
The expansion of urbanisation with improved living conditions are forecast to increase energy demand. One such massive consumption of fossil fuels is the transport sector. The new vehicles registered in India have an 843% growth rate over just 66 years (1951–2017). In addition to environmental concerns, and depletion of fossil fuels, bio-fuel based alternative fuels are intended to contribute to future energy requirements. Hence, this paper mainly concentrates on the biofuel to make use in a single-cylinder, 7.35 kW, in-direct injection, diesel engine without any modifications. The pre-heated straight vegetable oil (SVO) of Schleichera Oleosa (SO) in 40°C–120°C with an increment of 20°C with exhaust gas waste heat recovery framework by a heat exchanger with an effectiveness of 72.4% was adopted to understand the engine performance, combustion, and engine-out emissions and compared with conventional diesel operation. The pre-heated SO SVO at 120°C showed better results at par with diesel operation on the selected engine; brake thermal efficiency was achieved at 27.82%. Maximum cylinder pressure of 41.42 bar was recorded with enhanced pre as well as diffusion combustion phases. NOx touched 390 ppm and the smoke of 43 HSU, CO of 0.7% by volume, and HC of 9 ppm were noticed.
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