Abstract
We propose and experimentally demonstrate an original method to analytically retrieve complete spectral phase of ultrashort pulses by measuring two modified interferometric field autocorrelation traces using thick nonlinear crystals with slightly different central phase-matching wavelengths. This new scheme requires no spectrometer, detector array, nor iterative data inversion, and is compatible with periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide technology offering potential for high measurement sensitivity.
Highlights
Determination of spectral phase of ultrashort optical pulse is essential in a variety of applications, such as coherently controlled nonlinear spectroscopy [1], and adaptive pulse compression [2]
We propose and experimentally demonstrate an original method to analytically retrieve complete spectral phase of ultrashort pulses by measuring two modified interferometric field autocorrelation traces using thick nonlinear crystals with slightly different central phase-matching wavelengths
Thin nonlinear crystals are routinely used in ultrashort pulse measurements [7], which compromise the measurement sensitivity
Summary
Determination of spectral phase of ultrashort optical pulse is essential in a variety of applications, such as coherently controlled nonlinear spectroscopy [1], and adaptive pulse compression [2]. Phase and intensity from cross correlation and spectrum only (PICASO) [3], frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) [4], measurement of electric field by interferometric spectral phase observation (MEFISTO) [5], and spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER) [6] have been demonstrated to measure spectral phase [5, 6] or complex field [3, 4] These existing techniques, as commonly practiced, utilize a second harmonic generation nonlinearity, for which a sufficiently broad phase-matching (PM) spectrum (typically broader than the input pulse bandwidth) is needed in order to avoid measurement distortion. Long-crystal SPIDER uses the asymmetric group-velocity-mismatch condition in type II upconversion to produce spectrally sheared replicas, eliminating the need for a chirped auxiliary pulse [13] This method simplifies the system configuration, but relies on particular combination of the crystal’s material, length, and the wavelength range. Unlike previous techniques that required custom chirped A-PPLN nonlinear crystals, MIFA can be performed using (unchirped) periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide technology, which is commercially available
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