Abstract
Contact electrification between two different materials is one of the oldest fields of study in solid-state physics. Here, we introduced an innovative system based on optical electric-field-induced second harmonic generation (EFI-SHG) technique that can directly monitor the dynamic performance of the contact electrification on the surface of polyimide film. After the contact, the EFI-SHG system visualized briefly three relaxations of the tribo-induced charges on the surface of a polyimide film, a fast relaxation within 3 min followed by two much slower relaxations, which were possibly related to different charge diffusion routes. The contact electrification under several special experimental conditions (wind, water and steam) was studied to demonstrate the high flexibility and material selectivity of the EFI-SHG. The EFI-SHG studies confirmed the motion of the water can remove the surface charge, while the appearance and the evaporation of a thin water layer cannot enhance the charge diffusion. We anticipate that this experimental technique will find a variety of applications in the field of contact electrification and the development of the recently invented triboelectric nano generator.
Highlights
Heavy vacuum chamber isolated from these noise, i.e., by using a Faraday cage[9]
The molecular ordering by the tribo motion contributes to generation of non-zero SHG signal, while the static electric field in the targeted materials leads to the enhancement of optical electric-field-induced second harmonic generation (EFI-SHG)[12,13]
The changing of the SHG signal intensity from the sample was illustrated in Fig. 1(b), where SHG signal shows a good agreement with the applied AC voltage signal
Summary
Heavy vacuum chamber isolated from these noise, i.e., by using a Faraday cage[9]. the experimental reproducibility is usually challenged by the existence of dust particles, surface contaminants and so on[3]. A promising solution for completing these detailed studies of contact electrification is to develop an optical experimental method that allows electrostatic fields to be probed. Recent dynamics observation in organic electronics using the EFI-SHG12,13 has proved the capability of monitoring the generation and the relaxation of the electric field in organic semiconductor, where charges are transported inside the material. The optical SHG technique is innovative in terms of probing contact electrification that arose from many possible sources, including environmental ones such as wind and water drops. This experimental flexibility can allow us to monitor the internal dynamic performance of the electrification-based devices, such as TENG, in the real operation
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