Direct Pressure−Volume−Temperature and Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium Measurements with a Single Equipment Using a Vibrating Tube Densimeter up to 393 K and 40 MPa: Description of the Original Apparatus and New Data

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A novel apparatus for high-pressure studies of vapor−liquid equilibria in multicomponent fluid systems is fully described. It has been designed to get, almost simultaneously, vapor−liquid equilibrium properties and liquid, vapor, and saturating pressure−volume−temperature properties between 253 and 423 K and from subatmospheric pressures up to 40 MPa. The way of getting data allows quite continuous recording of pressure−density data along isotherms in compressed phases up to the saturation points. Sample results are given to illustrate the procedures, and results on pure refrigerant compounds R-32 and R-218 are discussed. New data on the refrigerant blend R-409A are presented.