Direct observational test rules out small Mg ii absorbers

Abstract

Abstract Recent observations suggest that the incidence of strong intervening Mgii absorption systems along the line of sight to gamma-ray burst afterglows is significantly higher than expected from analogous quasar sightlines. One possible explanation is a geometric effect, arising because Mgii absorbers only partially cover the quasar continuum regions, in which case Mgii absorbers must be considerably smaller than previous estimates. We investigate the production of abnormal absorption profiles by partial coverage and conclude that the lack of any known anomalous profiles in observed systems, whilst constraining, cannot on its own rule out patchy Mgii absorbers. In a separate test, we look for differences in the distribution function of Mgii equivalent widths over quasar continuum regions and Ciii emission lines. We show that these anomalies should be observable in any scenario where Mgii absorbers are very small, but they are not present in the data. We conclude that models invoking small Mgii absorbers to explain the excess of absorbers seen towards gamma-ray bursts are ruled out.