Abstract
We directly measure the low energy excitation modes of the quantum Ising magnet LiHoF_{4} using microwave spectroscopy. Instead of a single electronic mode, we find a set of collective electronuclear modes, in which the spin-1/2 Ising electronic spins hybridize with the bath of spin-7/2 Ho nuclear spins. The lowest-lying electronuclear mode softens at the approach to the quantum critical point, even in the presence of disorder. This softening is rapidly quenched by a longitudinal magnetic field. Similar electronuclear structures should exist in other spin-based quantum Ising systems.
Highlights
Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) are zero temperature transitions whose critical behavior and fluctuation spectra reveal fundamental properties of technologically useful electronic, magnetic, and optical materials
Instead of a single electronic mode, we find a set of collective electronuclear modes, in which the spin-1=2 Ising electronic spins hybridize with the bath of spin-7=2 Ho nuclear spins
The lowest-lying electronuclear mode softens at the approach to the quantum critical point, even in the presence of disorder
Summary
Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) are zero temperature transitions whose critical behavior and fluctuation spectra reveal fundamental properties of technologically useful electronic, magnetic, and optical materials. We directly measure the low energy excitation modes of the quantum Ising magnet LiHoF4 using microwave spectroscopy. Many systems in physics and elsewhere can be mapped to the Ising model in transverse field [2,3,4,5]; recent interest has focused on quantum computing applications [6,7,8,9].
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