Abstract
Transport of intracellular cargo is known to be achieved by the concerted operation of multiple motor proteins. However, force generation by multiple motors remains a matter of debate even though the load-bearing properties of single motors have intensively been characterized by various in vitro assays. Here, we report a novel assay to study cooperative transport in the presence of external load. In particular, we designed a magnetic-tweezers setup that is capable of exerting horizontal forces of up to 100 pN on superparamagnetic beads that are attached to microtubules gliding on a surface coated with kinesin-1 motors.
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