Abstract
The problem of stationary target location by multiple passive radar sensors that using unknown and non-cooperative opportunity illuminator is considered. Traditional two-step approach which estimating the time difference of arrival (TDOA) and angle of arrival (AOA) firstly and locating using those parameters secondly. We explore the direct location with multiple passive radar sensors without estimating the intermediate parameters. As the reference path from the transmitter to receivers may be blocked in practice, we discuss the both cases that location without and with reference path. Two maximum likelihood algorithms of direct location are proposed for multiple passive radar sensors without and with reference. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the direct location algorithm is superior to two-step approach with TDOA and AOA at low SNR for multiple passive radar sensors.
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