Abstract
To evaluate the effects of an intraperitoneal solution of methylene blue (MB), lidocaine and pentoxyphylline (PTX) on intestinal ischemic and reperfusion injury. Superior mesenteric artery was isolated and clamped in 36 adult male Sprague Dawley rats. After 60 minutes, clamp was removed and a group received intraperitoneally UNITO solution (PTX 25mg/kg + lidocaine 5mg/kg + MB 2mg/kg), while the other group was treated with warm 0.9% NaCl solution. Rats were euthanized 45 min after drug administration. Lung and bowel were collected for histological evaluation (using Park's score) and determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Control samples showed lymphoplasmocytic infiltrate and crypt necrosis of villi. MPO and MDA measurements shown no differences between treated and control groups. The combination of lidocaine, methylene blue and pentoxyphylline administered intraperitoneally at the studied dose, did not decreased histological lesion scores and biochemical markers levels in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Highlights
Intestinal I/R injury is a common pathologic event associated with many intestinal pathologies, whenever the intestine undergoes a reduction with subsequent restoration of blood flow[1,2,3,4,5]
Spontaneous I/R can occur in humans and if the diagnosis is made within 24h after the onset of symptoms and aggressive treatment initiated, acute mesenteric ischemia has about a 50% survival rate, whereas this rate drops to 30% or less when diagnosis is delayed[6]
Aliquots of 500 mg of frozen tissues were homogenated in potassium phosphate buffer (PPB) (10 mM and pH 7) and 0.5% (w/v) hexadecyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB, Sigma Aldrich, Italy), and centrifuged at 20.000 x g for 30 min at 4°C
Summary
Intestinal I/R injury is a common pathologic event associated with many intestinal pathologies, whenever the intestine undergoes a reduction with subsequent restoration (usually during surgery) of blood flow[1,2,3,4,5]. Spontaneous I/R can occur in humans and if the diagnosis is made within 24h after the onset of symptoms and aggressive treatment initiated, acute mesenteric ischemia has about a 50% survival rate, whereas this rate drops to 30% or less when diagnosis is delayed[6]. It has been shown that the extent of mucosal damage is a direct function of time elapsed from the onset of mesenteric artery occlusion with first histological changes after 30 min and more prominent destruction of the villi after 60 min[7]. It has been shown that this drug has beneficial effects in patients with lung I/R injury. The potential local effects are important for acute lung injury manifestation by inflammatory mediators that are blood- and lymph-borne, and oxygen-free radical activations[10]
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