Direct Evidence for Neutrino Flavor Transformation from Neutral-Current Interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Q R Ahmad,G Mcgregor,R Van Berg,C Mifflin,R Tafirout,J Maneira,J Boger,M G Bowler,M Bercovitch,M R Dragowsky,T C Andersen,M Lay,M Omori,P T Keener,W B Handler,J Heise,R G Stokstad,G Bühler,M S Neubauer,P Skensved,M Chen,J V Germani,K T Lesko,N West,E Saettler,N Mccauley,E W Beier,K Kazkaz,J D Hepburn,P J Doe,M Shatkay,C Jillings,R C Allen,C K Hargrove,I Levine,L C Stonehill,G T Ewan,H B Mak,J Farine,M G Boulay,C W Nally,S R Elliott,C J Virtue,R G H Robertson,G A Cox,M W E Smith,R L Hahn,P Wittich,T J Bowles,E B Norman,J R Klein,I Blevis,A L Hallin,J Cameron,N A Jelley,H Seifert,W Frati,A W P Poon,N Gagnon,G Doucas,H Heron,C A Duba,S Luoma,R Meijer Drees,B A Moffat,M C Browne,J R Wilson,F M Newcomer,E T H Clifford,J L Orrell,R J Boardman,P Jagam,R W Ollerhead,A Hime,X Chen,C J Sims,W J Heintzelman,H W Lee,J C Barton,J Law,K K Schaffer,Y D Chan,M Yeh,R S Storey,H H Chen,M Dunford,J Manor,M Moorhead,S J Brice,T Spreitzer,B T Cleveland,K M Heeger,G Jonkmans,J Lyon,R L Helmer,W Locke,M H Schwendener,R Hazama,K Graham,A P Ferraris,A A Hamian,P M Thornewell,D S Mcdonald,J R Leslie,R J Komar,S M Oser,F A Duncan,T Kutter,J F Wilkerson,R K Taplin,N Starinsky,H Fergani,J Bigu,S D Biller,A D Marino,J A Formaggio,B Sur,A J Noble,R G Van De Water,D Sinclair,P J Harvey,R A Black,T V Bullard,H C Evans,T J Radcliffe,E Bonvin,E D Hallman,M Thorman,D F Cowen,N Tagg,P T Trent,D Wark ,D Grant ,J.g Hykawy ,W.f Davidson ,J X Wang ,Μ M Fowler ,G.m Milton ,Aki Roberge ,K W Mcfarlane ,M C Perillo Isaac ,M O’neill ,A Knox ,Xiongxin Dai ,B.c Robertson ,J Dunmore ,J D Anglin ,В М Новіков ,Edward D Frank ,A Hamer ,Steve Majerus ,S S.e Rosendahl ,M A Howe ,J H.m Cowan ,Guthrie Miller ,J.m Wouters ,J.k Rowley ,K C Frame ,John Simpson ,Anett Schülke ,Richard T Kouzes ,F Dalnoki‐Veress ,Rizwan Haq ,C Okada ,Joanne L Hewett ,E.d Earle ,V Rusu ,J.b Wilhelmy ,Huah Shin Ng ,Yaroslav Tserkovnyak ,Alan Р Smith ,A.b Mcdonald ,N.w Tanner ,Salvador Gil ,Chris Waltham ,Christopher C M Kyba ,I Lawson ,Thomas Steiger ,R Ford

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.89.011301

Direct Evidence for Neutrino Flavor Transformation from Neutral-Current Interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Q R Ahmad, G Mcgregor + Show 177 more

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https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.89.011301

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Journal: Physical Review Letters	Publication Date: Jun 13, 2002
Citations: 2432

Affiliation: University of Washington, University of Oxford, University of Pennsylvania, Carleton University, Laurentian University, Queen's University, Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Research Council Canada, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Guelph, University of British Columbia, University of California, Irvine, Atomic Energy (Canada), TRIUMF, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Princeton University

#Sudbury Neutrino Observatory #Neutral Current Reactions + Show 8 more

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Abstract

Observations of neutral-current nu interactions on deuterium in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory are reported. Using the neutral current (NC), elastic scattering, and charged current reactions and assuming the standard 8B shape, the nu(e) component of the 8B solar flux is phis(e) = 1.76(+0.05)(-0.05)(stat)(+0.09)(-0.09)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1) for a kinetic energy threshold of 5 MeV. The non-nu(e) component is phi(mu)(tau) = 3.41(+0.45)(-0.45)(stat)(+0.48)(-0.45)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), 5.3sigma greater than zero, providing strong evidence for solar nu(e) flavor transformation. The total flux measured with the NC reaction is phi(NC) = 5.09(+0.44)(-0.43)(stat)(+0.46)(-0.43)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), consistent with solar models.

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