Direct Electron Transfer and Electrocatalysis of Myoglobin Based on its Direct Immobilization on Carbon Ionic Liquid Electrode

Abstract

AbstractDirect electron transfer of myoglobin (Mb) was achieved by its direct immobilization on carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE) with a conductive hydrophobic ionic liquid, 1‐butyl pyridinium hexaflourophosphate ([BuPy][PF6]) as binder for the first time. A pair of well‐defined, quasi‐reversible redox peaks was observed for Mb/CILE resulting from Mb redox of heme Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) with oxidation potential of −0.277 V, reduction potential of −0.388 V, the formal potential E°′ (E°′=(Epa+Epc)/2) at −0.332 V and the peak‐to‐peak potential separation of 0.111 V at 0.5 V/s. The average surface coverage of the electroactive Mb immobilized on the electrode surface was calculated as 1.06±0.03×10−9 mol cm−2. Mb retained its bioactivity on modified electrode and showed excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H2O2. The cathodic peak current of Mb was linear to H2O2 concentration in the range from 6.0 μM to 160 μM with a detection limit of 2.0 μM (S/N=3). The apparent Michaelis–Menten constant (K$\rm{ {_{m}^{app}})}$ and the electron transfer rate constant (ks) were estimated to be 140±1 μM and 2.8±0.1 s−1, respectively. The biosensor achieved the direct electrochemistry of Mb on CILE without the help of any supporting film or any electron mediator.