Abstract
A sol–gel derived renewable biosensor was prepared by entrapping hemoglobin (Hb) in a mesoporous carbon ceramic electrode (MCCE) in order to study the direct electron transfer of Hb and to fabricate a sensitive biosensor for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The Hb in the MCCE retained its original structure and still displayed good electrochemical activity in showing a pair of well-defined redox peaks as a result of direct electron transfer between Hb and the electrode surface. The MCCE possesses good biocompatibility, renewability, uniformity, and is well suited for immobilization of enzymes. The immobilized Hb was found to display good electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of H2O2, and this resulted in the design of an amperometric biosensor working at −0.3 V and capable of sensing H2O2 with a detection limit of 0.4 μM (at a S/N of 3). The catalytic reduction current is proportional to the concentration of H2O2 in the 1.0 to 220.0 μM range. This work demonstrates MCCE to be a well suited and easily accessible substrate for engineering biosensors with various kinds of potential applications.
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