Abstract
Microprojectile bombardment into plant cells was first described by Sanford et al. [19] in 1987. At that time, tungsten particles of approximately 4 μm size were accelerated into onion epidermal cells and directly visualized using an inverted microscope. The original air pressure propulsion system was modified by using 0.22 caliber blank charges combined with an ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) polyethylene macroprojectile to carry DNA-coated microprojectiles. The transient expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene in onion epidermal cells was verified using this instrument [10].
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