Abstract
Illumination design used to redistribute the spatial energy distribution of light source is a key technique in lighting applications. However, there is still no effective illumination design method for extended sources, especially for extended non-Lambertian sources. What we present here is to our knowledge the first direct method for extended non-Lambertian sources in three-dimensional (3D) rotational geometry. In this method, both meridional rays and skew rays of the extended source are taken into account to tailor the lens profile in the meridional plane. A set of edge rays and interior rays emitted from the extended source which will take a given direction after the refraction of the aspherical lens are found by the Snell's law, and the output intensity at this direction is then calculated to be the integral of the luminance function of the outgoing rays at this direction. This direct method is effective for both extended non-Lambertian sources and extended Lambertian sources in 3D rotational symmetry, and can directly find a solution to the prescribed design problem without cumbersome iterative illuminance compensation. Two examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of performance and capacity for tackling complex designs.
Highlights
One main purpose of illumination design is to redistribute the spatial energy distribution of the light source to produce a prescribed distribution by a means of some elaborately designed optical surfaces [1]
The proposed direct method is effective for both extended non-Lambertian sources and extended Lambertian sources
A quite good solution to the given design problem can be directly found by this direct method without cumbersome iterative illuminance compensation
Summary
One main purpose of illumination design is to redistribute the spatial energy distribution of the light source to produce a prescribed distribution by a means of some elaborately designed optical surfaces [1]. These methods may not be the best choice due to the cumbersome iterative ray-tracing process, and sometimes energy waste caused by total internal reflection cannot be avoided due to the optical surfaces generated by a zero-étendue method As the rest of this paper will show, both meridional rays and skew rays of an extended source can be well controlled by tailoring the lens profile only in a meridional plane of an aspherical lens, and the solution to a given design problem can be directly found by the proposed method without cumbersome iterative illuminance compensation This direct method is effective for both extended non-Lambertian sources and extended Lambertian sources in 3D rotational geometry, and has the performance and capacity to tackle complex designs.
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