Abstract
Desalination is a process where fresh water produces from high salinity solutions, many ways used for this purpose and one of the most important processes is membrane distillation (MD). Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) can be considered as the most prominent type from MD types according to ease of design and modus operandi. This work studies the efficiency of using DCMD operation for desalination brine with different concentration (1.75, 3.5, 5 wt. % NaCl). Frame and plate cell was used with flat sheet PTFE hydrophobic type membrane. The study proves that MD is an effective process for desalination brines with feed temperature less than 60˚C especially for feed with low TDS. 37˚C, 47˚C, and 57˚C was feed temperature and 17, 22, 27˚C as permeate temperatures used in study, temperature in both sides of membrane are recorded and TDS for permeate collected to assure that there is no penetration of brine to permeate side, the results took every 30 min for time experiment of 180 min. From results, the flux increases with increasing feed temperature and flow rate, and decreasing with increasing feed concentration, experiment time, and permeate temperature. 
Highlights
The decrease of water beside the global warming and shortage in ambushes and oil stocks could be considered as one of the most dangerous problems for the new millennium
The evanescence of fresh water is a dreadful problem in most places in the world, for this reason, desalination had become one of the most important ways for fresh water production from brackish and saline water, Sun, et al, 2014
Many ways of desalination were used for freshwater production as employing membranes under isothermal conditions by using a driving force based on the differences in hydrostatic pressure (Nanofiltration (NF) and Reverse Osmosis (RO)), or electric potential, or by using thermal conditions as in multi-stage flash distillation (MSF) and other ways
Summary
The decrease of water beside the global warming and shortage in ambushes and oil stocks could be considered as one of the most dangerous problems for the new millennium. The evanescence of fresh water is a dreadful problem in most places in the world, for this reason, desalination had become one of the most important ways for fresh water production from brackish and saline water, Sun, et al, 2014. Desalination can be defined as a process which takes brine solution as feed to produce fresh water by isolating the fresh water from saline water which became saltier. MD considered as one of the new processes and used when the water is the main component in feed solution, Hou, et al, 2009. MD is suitable for the small system as approved, Qtaishat, et al, 2013
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