Direct anterior approach in total hip arthroplasty: more indications and advantages than we found

Abstract

Mounting attention has been oriented to the direct anterior approach (DAA) in total hip arthroplasty (THA) because of alleged advantages in terms of tissue-sparing and minimal invasiveness, as well as fast recovery after surgery in the past decades. Doubt has also been raised by critics regarding learning curve, indications, technical feasibility, intraoperative risks and complications, and unconfirmed long-term consequences of the approach. The controversies were elaborately reviewed and discussed in a recent publication in Arthroplasty by Realyvasquez et al. from the perspective of American surgeons. This inclusive review covered the current status, technical issues, outcome evaluation, and developmental concerns of DAA in modern THA. As one of the pioneers of DAA in hip surgery communities in China, Prof. Y. Z., the corresponding author of the paper, has his own understanding and manipulation of DAA on the basis of thousands of DAA procedures he has performed. The purpose of this article was to respond to the pivotal issues discussed in the article by Realyvasquez et al., and to present our own view of points about the indications/contraindications and advantages as different from existing ideas. In particular, we proposed a Xinqiao Predictive Algorithm to quantitatively assess the indications for and feasibility of DAA for the first time. The algorithm was constructed on multiple factors derived from Chinese patients. Our study concluded that the potential advantages of DAA could be achieved by personalizing the pelvic functional position and placing the component into the real safe zone, by means of adapting to the spaciotemporal change of the hip-spine coordination.