Direct-Acting Antivirals Improve Overall Survival in Interventional Oncology Patients with Hepatitis C and Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract

PurposeTo investigate the impact of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and 12-week sustained virologic response (SVR12) in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated by interventional oncology (IO) therapies. Materials and MethodsRetrospective analysis of patients diagnosed from 2005 to 2016 with HCC and receiving IO therapies. A total of 478 patients met inclusion criteria. Patients were age 29–90 years (mean 63.6 ± 9.4 years) and 78.9% (n =3 77) male. Two hundred and eighty-five (57%) patients had chronic HCV, 93 (33%) received DAAs, and 63 (68%) achieved SVR12. Liver function, tumor characteristics, and IO therapy including ablation, image-guided transcatheter tumor therapies (ITTT) (eg, chemoembolization and radioembolization), and combination locoregional therapy were assessed in analysis. ResultsMedian overall survival (OS) of the cohort was 26.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 21.9–29.9). OS for ablation, combination locoregional therapy and ITTT, was 37.3 (CI 30.7–49.9), 29.3 (CI 24.2–38.0), and 19.7 months (CI 16.5–22.8), respectively (P < .0001). OS in patients with HCV was 30.7 months (CI 24.2–35.2) versus 22.2 months in non-HCV patients (CI 17.8–27.8, P = .03). Patients with HCV who received DAA had higher survival, 49.2 months (CI 36.5–not reached) versus those not receiving DAA, 18.5 months (CI 14.1–25.3, P < .0001). OS was 71.8 months (CI 42.3–not reached) for patients who achieved SVR12 after DAA versus 26.7 months in the non-SVR12 group (CI 15.9–31.1, P < .0001). Multivariable analysis revealed independent factors for OS including IO treatment type, DAA use and achieving SVR12 (P < .05). ConclusionsDAA use and SVR12 is associated with higher OS in patients with HCV-related HCC treated by IO therapies.