Abstract
Oxidative stress is detrimental to animals and can depress the growth performance and regulate the gene expression of animals. However, it remains unclear how oxidative stress regulates the expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to explore the profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the liver of piglets under oxidative stress. Here, we constructed a piglet oxidative stress model induced by diquat and evaluated the effects of oxidative stress on the growth performance and antioxidant enzyme activity of piglets. We also used RNA-Seq to examine the global expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs in piglets under oxidative stress. The targets of lncRNAs and mRNAs were enriched in gene ontology (GO) terms and signaling pathways. The results show that the growth performance and activities of antioxidant enzymes were decreased in piglets under oxidative stress. Moreover, eight lncRNAs (6 upregulated and 2 downregulated) and 30 mRNAs (8 upregulated and 22 downregulated) were differentially expressed in the oxidative stress group of piglets compared to the negative control group. According to biological processes in enriched GO terms, the oxoacid metabolic process, intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, and oxidation-reduction process play important roles in oxidative stress. Pathway analysis showed that the signaling pathways involved in insulin and glucose metabolism had a close relationship with oxidative stress. Further in vitro experiments showed that the expression of the upregulated gene GNMT was significantly increased in primary porcine hepatocytes after diquat stimulation. In contrast, the level of the downregulated gene GCK was significantly decreased at 12 h in primary porcine hepatocytes after diquat stimulation. Our results expand our knowledge of the lncRNAs and mRNAs transcribed in the livers of piglets under oxidative stress and provide a basis for future research on the molecular mechanisms mediating oxidative stress and tissue damage.
Highlights
In the process of metabolism, organisms can produce many kinds of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
It was observed that animals injected with DQ at 10 mg/kg of body weight presented significantly lower activity of Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (Figure 2(a)), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (Figure 2(b)), and GSH-PX (Figure 2(c)) than the negative control group pigs
Among the differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, we found that GNMT, protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3C (PPP1R3C), SCD, APOA4, GCK, and ENSSSCG00000027643 were enriched under the oxidationreduction process term
Summary
In the process of metabolism, organisms can produce many kinds of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS free radicals are maintained at certain physiological steady-state levels, and excessive ROS are generally eliminated by the antioxidant defense system, which includes antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) and nonenzymatic antioxidants (for example, glutathione, Se, vitamin E, and vitamin C) [1]. The antioxidant system can protect tissues and cells from ROS damage. Numerous factors, such as environmental factors, oxidized diets, and weaning, can induce oxidative stress to damage cellular antioxidant defenses [4, 5]. Oxidative stress can result in suboptimal health conditions of livestock and a reduction in production efficiency and can cause serious economic losses in animal husbandry systems
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