Dipolar self‐potential anomaly associated with carbon dioxide and radon flux at Syabru‐Bensi hot springs in central Nepal

Abstract

The Syabru‐Bensi hot springs are located at the Main Central Thrust (MCT) zone in central Nepal. High carbon dioxide and radon exhalation fluxes (reaching 19 kg m−2 d−1 and 5 Bq m−2 s−1, respectively) are associated with these hot springs, making this site a promising case to study the relationship between self‐potential and fluids (gas and water) exhalation along a fault zone. A high‐resolution self‐potential map, covering an area of 100 m by 150 m that surrounds the main gas and water discharge spots, exhibits a dipolar self‐potential anomaly with a negative peak reaching −180 mV at the main gas discharge spot. The positive lobe of the anomaly reaching 120 mV is located along the terraces above the main gas and water discharge spots. Several electrical resistivity tomograms were performed in this area. The resistivity tomogram crossing the degassing area shows a dipping resistive channel interpreted as a fracture zone channeling the gas and the hot water. We propose a numerical finite difference model to simulate the flow pattern in this area with the constraints imposed by the electrical resistivity tomograms, the self‐potential data, the position of the gas vents, and hot water discharge area. This study provides insights on the generation of electrical currents associated with geothermal circulation in a geodynamically active area, a necessary prerequisite to study, using self‐potentials, a possible modulation of the geothermal circulation by tectonic activity.