Abstract
The current international system finds itself at a stage where foreign relations are being formed by the official governments of individual states and also by other, often diverse, actors. In particular, non-state actors have been establishing, far more than ever, foreign contacts with other actors in areas such as trade, investment, technology exchange, and others. However, the current academic field suffers from a gap in the conceptualization and research of foreign activities by non-state armed actors. This study presents a new conceptual approach to foreign activities by non-state armed actors and presents two questions for a debate in international relations: Can we grasp such foreign activities by non-state armed actors that are close to diplomacy? And, if so, how can this be achieved?
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