Abstract
Condensation of diphenylhexatrienylpropanoyl hydrazide with stachyose oxidized to an aldehyde at C 6 of the terminal galactose, followed by reduction with sodium borohydride yields diphenylhexatrienylpropanoylhydrazyl stachyose (glyco-DPH). This new fluorescence probe inserts almost instantaneously into artificial phospholipid vesicles and biological membranes. Due to its large hydrophilic carbohydrate portion, it serves as an impermeant, uncharged probe with a defined orientation within the membrane bilayer. Its usefulness to monitor lipid mobility was proven by measuring fluorescence anisotropies of dipalmitoylglycerophosphocholine at temperatures around the gel to liquid phase transition, and by measuring the rigidifying effect of cholesterol on egg yolk phosphatidylcholine membranes. Fluorescence lifetimes of glyco-DPH are best fitted by bimodal Lorentzian distributions. A predominant lifetime component centered at 4.3 ns in ethanol and at 6.1 ns in vesicles of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphocholine (POPC) is obtained, with a narrower distribution within POPC, showing that glyco-DPH is distributed more homogeneously in the phospholipid membrane
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