Dinosaur remains from the Lower Cretaceous of the Chubut Group, Argentina

Abstract

Some fragmentary dinosaur remains from the uppermost Hauterivian–Barremian La Paloma Member of the Cerro Barcino Formation of northern Chubut, Argentina are described. Together with the fauna from the La Amarga Formation of Neuquén, Argentina, this material represent the oldest known Cretaceous dinosaur fauna from South America. It includes remains of a probable titanosaurian sauropod and an abelisaurian, probable abelisaurid, theropod. This is the oldest record of titanosaurs from South America and the oldest record of abelisaurids globally. The presence of both small-bodied noasaurids in the La Amarga Formation and medium-sized–large abelisaurids in the Cerro Barcino Formation, in the middle Lower Cretaceous of Argentina, indicates that abelisaurian diversification began well before the final fragmentation of Gondwana. Whereas this explains the wide distribution of abelisaurs in the Late Cretaceous, reasons other than vicariance must be invoked for their apparent absence in the ‘middle’ Cretaceous of Africa.