Abstract
Our data suggest the decline of Wolf in the Mediterranean central municipalities in the Castelló de la Plana province (Spain) in the second half of the 16th century and the first quarter of the 17th century. Populations dynamics show: 1) a sex ratio average very favourable to males (4,1:1); 2) the hunting of females all the year round, of males in specific periods (January to June), and of pups from May to July; 3) an average of 4,6 pups in litter; and 4) an annual average density of 0,50 captures by 100 km2. This is a Wolf population subjected to pressure elements that have determined their negative conservation during the second half of the 16th century: 1) an obvious human demographic growth; 2) the breaking up of new grounds; 3) a food dicrease due to the extintion of deer and the decline in tranhumance ovin cattle; and 4) the presence of Wolf hunters.
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