Abstract
Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) is an amphipathic molecule composed of a polar domain characterized by the sulfinyl and two nonpolar methyl groups, for this reason it is able to solubilize polar and nonpolar substances and transpose hydrophobic barriers. DMSO is widely used to solubilize drugs of therapeutic applications and studies indicated that 10% v/v concentration did not modify culture viability when used to treat human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). However, some DMSO concentrations could influence lymphocyte activation and present anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of DMSO on lymphocyte activation parameters. Cell viability analysis, proliferation, and cytokine production were performed on PBMC from six healthy subjects by flow cytometry. The results indicated that 2.5% v/v DMSO concentrations did not modify lymphocytes viability. DMSO at 1% and 2% v/v concentrations reduced the relative proliferation index of lymphocytes and at 5% and 10% v/v concentrations reduced the percentage of total lymphocytes, cluster of differentiation 4+ (CD4+) T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) producers. Thus, it was concluded that DMSO has an in vitro anti-inflammatory effect by reducing lymphocyte activation demonstrated with proliferation reduction and the decrease of cytokine production.
Highlights
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, (CH3 )2 SO), presents a highly polar domain characterized by a sulfinyl group and two apolar methyl groups
The results indicated that 20% v/v DMSO was hemolytic, presenting
Hemolysis and trypan blue exclusion assays were performed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of higher percentage value (4.0 ± 0.97%) when compared to spontaneous hemolysis in control group different DMSO concentrations
Summary
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, (CH3 ) SO), presents a highly polar domain characterized by a sulfinyl group and two apolar methyl groups. Such characteristics provide amphipathic properties to the molecule [1]. DMSO is able to solubilize polar and nonpolar substances and transpose hydrophobic barriers, such as the plasma membrane. These properties are important for vehicle pharmacological. DMSO is used as a solvent for pharmacological substances, as well as to several other applications such as therapeutic applications, excipient for veterinary therapeutic formulations, as control group for testing natural products, to treat cultured cells and in other experimental in vitro studies. Despite of the multiple applications of DMSO, its physiological and pharmacological effects are not fully understood [3]
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