Dimensions of hostility and cardiovascular response to interpersonal stress

Abstract

Emerging research suggests that hostility is a multidimensional construct with different dimensions conferring different cardiovascular disease risk. This study examined two dimensions of hostility, expressive and neurotic, and their hemodynamic response patterns upon exposure to interpersonal stress. Fifty-seven male undergraduates were categorized into high and low expressive hostility (HiEH, LoEH) and high and low neurotic hostility (HiNH, LoNH) groups based on their Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory scores. Subjects engaged in a mathematical subtraction task, with half of the subjects harassed through anger-provoking statements. Separate analyses were conducted for the expressive and neurotic hostility groupings. For expressive hostility, results indicated that HiEH/harassed subjects exhibited greater systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output responses than did HiEH/nonharassed subjects or LoEH subjects irrespective of harassment. Neurotic hostility analyses revealed elevated forearm blood flow in HiNH/harassed subjects as compared to HiNH/nonharassed subjects or LoNH subjects in either harassment condition. The hemodynamic response pattern of expressive hostiles is consistent with their risk for heart disease. The response pattern of neurotic hostiles may indicate risk for hypertension, though this remains to be established.