Dimensions for Safe and Efficient Deep-Draft Navigation Channels. Hydraulic Model Investigation

Abstract

Abstract : The object of this research was to determine if the existing criteria for design of deep-draft navigation channels are adequate and to refine these criteria if possible. This study utilized free-running, remote-controlled model ships at a scale of 1:100 in order to examine deep-draft navigation channel design methods. The tanker class of ships was used in the testing program because of the wide beam and slow response to rudder commands. The scale effects of the 1:100-scale model were overcome by adjusting the model rudder until prototype performance was obtained. Prototype test results were used to make these adjustments. The model ships were equipped with a video camera and telemetry instrumentation. The straight reach tests were conducted at a depth to draft ratio of 1.2. The channel width dimension was narrowed until an unsafe condition existed. Results of the model tests for both one-way and two-way traffic indicated that the existing design criteria for design of channel dimensions for ideal conditions are conservative. However, the model indicated that only a slight reduction in channel widths (approximately 10 percent) could be made. Considering the potential damage that could result if accidents occur, especially with two-way traffic, some additional safety factors should be allowed. Because of model scale effects and inaccuracies in the facility, it does not appear prudent to revise the design criteria based on the results of this study.