Abstract
In the present work, a methodology that allows optimizing the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) design by establishing limit values of magnet radius and length that maximize efficiency for the nominal parameters of the wind turbine is developed. The methodology consists of two fundamental models. One model calculates the generator parameters from the radius of the magnet base, and the other optimization model determines two optimum generators according to the optimization criteria of maximum efficiency and maximum efficiency with minimum weight starting from the axial length and the radius of the magnet base. For the optimization, the numerical method of the golden section was used. The model was validated from a 10 kW PMSG and the results of two optimum generators are presented according to the optimization criteria. In addition, when the obtained results are compared with the reference electric generator, an increase in efficiency of 1.15% and 0.81% and a reduction in weight of 30.79% and 39.15% of the optimized generators are obtained for maximum efficiency and minimum weight, respectively. Intermediate options between the maximum efficiency generator and the minimum weight generator allows for the selection of the optimum dimensioning for the electric generator as a function of the parameters from the wind turbine design.
Highlights
A method that restricts the useful dimensioning options for Annual energy production for each direct6.axis wind turbines to a range of magnet radius and lengths (Rbi, L) is developed. This range of Rbi and L values is limited by the points of both maximum efficiency and maximum efficiency with minimum weight, neglecting the rest of the options that imply lower efficiencies and higher weights
The application of this methodology demonstrated the viability of maximizing the efficiency, reducing the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) weight, and improving the annual energy production (AEP) and the wind turbines yield at all working speeds of their power curve
The methodology was validated with a 10 kW wind turbine and two optimum generators were obtained
Summary
For the PMSG optimization, the magnetic model and the equivalent circuit are generally used to obtain the parameters at their nominal operation point [5,7,8,9,10]. To solve these models the finite analysis methods, genetic algorithms, or analytical calculations are used [9,11,12]; the differences in the results from these methods are minimal. The input parameters for the electric generator dimensioning are usually obtained from the output parameters of the wind turbine rotor design [15,16,17], which are obtained from the statistical model of Weibull or Raleigh [11,15,18]
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