Abstract
The elucidation of the human genome constitutes a major paradigm. Besides its impact on our biological knowledge, the elucidation of the human genome will certainly exert a driving force on both medical research and practice in the future. As a paradigmatic discovery impacting medical research, the human genome has also increased public awareness concerning the risks and ethical problems associated with this advancement. Questions such as whether it is ethical to reveal to a patient that he may be suffering an incurable disease, that this information may negatively impact his quality of life are among the many concerns. From the beginning of the race to elucidate the human genome, it was agreed upon that it is necessary to assure the privacy of an individual genetic information. Therefore, it is critical to focus the discussion in a wide scope and integrative perspective, since myths appear that may produce distortions in the analysis. It is also important to trust that the scientific community, together with other public sectors of the society, will promote a debate associated with the positive and negative aspects of any new technology arising from the discoveries around human genome. It is not the scientific advances that cause bioethical problems, it is the decisions that society takes in terms of how this technology will be used.
Highlights
The elucidation of the human genome constitutes a major paradigm
Pergunta-se de é ético que se revele a um indivíduo que poderia chegar a padecer de uma enfermidade incurável, o que impactaria negativamente sua qualidade de vida
Considerando los problemas bioéticos que este enfoque presenta, resulta prudente investigar más a fondo en el uso de células madre del adulto para fines terapéuticos, pues ésta no involucra la participación de ovocitos y, por lo tanto, de células madre embrionarias[11], aunque ello requiera un tiempo mucho mayor de investigación para futuros usos médicos
Summary
Resumen: El desciframiento del genoma humano es un paradigma de la ciencia. Como los hallazgos que abren nuevas avenidas de pensamiento, ha despertado la atención sobre los riesgos éticos. Se plantea si es ético que le revelen a un individuo que podría llegar a padecer una enfermedad incurable, lo que impactaría negativamente en su calidad de vida. Sobre quién tendrá acceso a la información genética. Desde los inicios de la carrera del genoma humano se planteó la necesidad de asegurar la privacidad de la información genética. Se hace necesario situar la discusión en un contexto amplio, pues se crean mitos que es importante aplacar. Es esencial sembrar la confianza promoviendo que la comunidad científica, junto con diferentes sectores de la sociedad, realicen un debate abierto sobre los aspectos positivos y negativos de cada nueva tecnología que derive del genoma humano.
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