Abstract
Tin halide perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) have been recognized as one of the most promising candidates for efficient and stable eco-friendly photovoltaic technology. The certified power conversion efficiency of TPSCs has been delivered to over 14% recently. Emerging low-dimensional tin halide perovskites such as Ruddlesden-Popper (RP), Dion−Jacobson (DJ), or 2D-3D perovskite structures have recently offered new approaches to stabilizing tin perovskite devices. Given the important role of low-dimensional tin perovskites, in this review, we focused on the dimensionality regulation in TPSCs to clarify the rule of performance and stability. We first discussed the structural flexibility and optoelectronic properties of tin halide perovskites. Moreover, the updated development along with the use of large organic spacer cations was assessed. Last, we reviewed the status of RP, DJ, 2D-3D mixed perovskites, and surface passivation strategy to boost the efficiency and operational stability of TPSCs, further highlighting the current challenges to enhancing these key performance metrics.
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