Dimensional scaling treatment with relativistic corrections for stable multiply charged atomic ions in high-frequency super-intense laser fields

Abstract

We present a theoretical framework which describes multiply charged atomic ions, their stability within super-intense laser fields, and also lay corrections to the systems due to relativistic effects. Dimensional scaling calculations with relativistic corrections for systems: H, H(-), H(2 -), He, He(-), He(2 -), He(3 -) within super-intense laser fields were completed. Also completed were three-dimensional self consistent field calculations to verify the dimensionally scaled quantities. With the aforementioned methods the system's ability to stably bind "additional" electrons through the development of multiple isolated regions of high potential energy leading to nodes of high electron density is shown. These nodes are spaced far enough from each other to minimize the electronic repulsion of the electrons, while still providing adequate enough attraction so as to bind the excess electrons into orbitals. We have found that even with relativistic considerations these species are stably bound within the field. It was also found that performing the dimensional scaling calculations for systems within the confines of laser fields to be a much simpler and more cost-effective method than the supporting D = 3 SCF method. The dimensional scaling method is general and can be extended to include relativistic corrections to describe the stability of simple molecular systems in super-intense laser fields.