DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY, GUIDELINES PERSONALIZATION OF CARE

Abstract

Abstract The term Dilated cardiomyopathy (CMD) refers to a family of diseases characterized by complex interactions between environment and genetic predisposition. Diagnostic tools as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) must be systematically implemented in clinical practice to define the etiological cause and undertake a specific therapeutic treatment. We present the case of a young man with CMD and severe left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction, EF: 14%; left ventricular end–diastolic volume (LVEDV): 251 ml/m2; left ventricular end–systolic volume (LVESV): 197 ml/m2. The patient has a family history of sudden cardiac death (SCD). He is affected by a psychiatric pathology (ADHD) and has a history of alcohol and drug addiction. Many diagnostic hypotheses have been considered for etiological research (viral myocarditis, genetic or alcoholic–induced cardiomyopathy, toxic substances such as narcotics and psychiatric drug–induced cardiomyopathy). MRI after 11 days in hospital confirmed FE 14%, LVEDV: 320 ml/m2, LVESV: 275 ml/m2; reduction of the wall thickness at the antero–septal wall to the middle tract; areas of altered signal, hyperintense in T2W sequences, at the left ventricular myocardial wall suspected of myocardial edema, associated with extended signal hyperintensity of periventricular tissue, which show marked enhancement immediately after intravenous contrast agent administration (Fig. 1). The underlying psychiatric pathology and the possibility of poor adherence to the maintenance of the wearable defibrillator did not facilitate the clinical follow–up which should have included the identification of the etiological cause and the appropriate treatment guaranteeing the temporary prevention of SCD. So, it was decided to make a personalized therapeutic choice, the patient underwent implantation of a subcutaneous defibrillator, pending a better diagnostic definition and the possible need of other therapies as cardiac transplantation/implantation of mechanical assistance device.