Dilated Cardiomyopathy due to Vitamin D Deficiency

Nalan Karabayir

doi:10.23937/2378-2951/1410084

Abstract

Dilated cardiomyopathy, which mostly has an idiopathic etiology or is caused by genetic inheritance or infection, may cause irreversible congestive heart failure. Hypocalcemia is a rare etiology of reversible dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiogenic shock related to hypocalcemic cardiomyopathy is a rare event. Here we report two cases with congestive heart failure who was diagnosed as having dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to hypocalcemia. After calcium and vitamin D replacement therapy, the patients showed improvement in left ventricular function. Hypocalcemia should be included in the differential diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy.

Highlights

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), which mostly has an idiopathic etiology, or is caused by genetic inheritance or infection, can cause irreversible congestive heart failure
Hypocalcemia secondary to vitamin deficiency is an important cause of DCM in infants, cardiogenic shock as a presenting feature without clinical or radiological features of rickets is very rarely reported in the literature [1,2,3,4]
We report two cases of DCM secondary to hypocalcemia that originated from a nutritional vitamin D deficiency induced rickets both were exclusively breastfed by mothers who had vitamin D deficiency

Summary

Introduction

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), which mostly has an idiopathic etiology, or is caused by genetic inheritance or infection, can cause irreversible congestive heart failure. A left wrist X-ray revealed mild fraying signs His mother had a vitamin D deficiency as indicated by a decreased level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (6.72 ng/ mL). A 48-days-old male patient was referred to our clinic due to hypocalcaemia detected in another center where he had presented with complaints of cyanosis and respiratory distress. History revealed that he was the 1st child of nonconsanguineous parents, born via caesarean section at 2,390 g in week 35 of the pregnancy, has been breast-fed supplemented by formula, and receiving vitamin-D, 3 drops/day, since he was 15-days-old. Laboratory tests revealed: Hb: 9.1 g/dL, MCV: 96.5 fL, MCHC: 32.6 g/

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Discussion