Abstract
This study examines digitalization's impact on fossil fuel efficiency in Asian countries across income levels (poor and rich) from 2000 to 2020 using the System-GMM method. Findings reveal that the influence of digitalization on optimal fossil fuel consumption is income-dependent. Wealthy Asian nations exhibit a positive correlation between digitalization and fuel efficiency due to robust socio-economic infrastructure. In contrast, impoverished Asian countries experience negative effects on efficiency due to heightened electricity consumption. Consequently, distinct policy approaches are necessary. Affluent nations can focus on establishing green financial markets, integrating fintech and big data, fostering innovation, and expanding patents. Impoverished nations should prioritize rural electrification, implementing green fiscal policies, and enhancing sustainable education for tailored development.
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