Abstract
Grand social challenges, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), are increasing, which creates sustainability problems for health care service systems. To reduce socio-economic burdens, changes are required in the socio-technical system. However, there is an uncertainty of the most cost-effective policy action that can create sustainability while providing health benefits. To find potential solutions to these challenges, the multi-level perspective (MLP) and health economic decision modelling was used to study socio-technical change and project potential health economic consequences of different scenarios. The study focuses on creating a vision pathway for reducing T2D in Finland. In total, 23 interviews were carried out and the results were analyzed utilizing the MLP model. As a result, five themes towards prevention of T2D were identified. Digitalization was found to be a cross-cutting theme for preventing T2D and was thus taken as the object of study and the main focus of this paper. As a result, this paper reports on the opportunities and barriers for using digital tools in a transition towards T2D prevention. A health economic decision modelling revealed that the highest expected savings could be obtained by prioritizing prevention programs based on T2D risk. Finally, the model was converted into a web-based online tool by combining vision pathway, transition-focused storylines and forward-looking health economic scenario analysis to give the policy makers an overall picture of the needed societal changes and support the impact assessment of alternative policies in a case of T2D prevention in Finland.
Highlights
This paper uses qualitative methods for constructing a vision pathway, and quantitative methods for developing health economic decision modelling for purposes of supporting decision making
Contextualizing the Digital Transition for type 2 diabetes (T2D) Prevention In Figure 1, the multi-level perspective (MLP) model of this study is presented, which focuses on the change towards a health promoting society with a specific focus on prevention of T2D in Finland
Chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), create challenges to sustainability that can be better tackled by more preventative actions [4,5]
Summary
Facilitating the change, this article aims to develop and apply a health economic modelling tool to support decision making in this transition. By using the MLP, we aim to visualize the multiple technologies, regulations and practices needed for the change. This paper has aimed to demonstrate that even though modelling the impacts of the transition is difficult due to the complexity of change, it is possible to project possible impacts of different changes and help decision makers direct their choices
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