Abstract
A “digital twin” is a dynamic, digital replica of a technical object (e.g., a physical system, device, machine or production process) or a living organism. Using this type of solution has become an integral part of Industry 4.0, offering businesses tangible benefits, in addition to being particularly effective within the context of sustainable production and maintenance. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of research on the development of digital twins of technical objects, which involved data acquisition and their conversion into knowledge, the use of physical models to simulate tasks and processes, and the use of simulation models to improve the physical tasks and processes. In addition, monitoring processes and process parameters allow for the continued improvement of existing processes as regards intelligent eco-designing and planning and monitoring production processes while taking into account sustainable production and maintenance.
Highlights
A dynamic, digital replica of a physical system, device, machine, production process or a living organism is more than just a model [1]
Any changes to which the physical object is subjected are detected by sensors and reflected in its digital replica
In addition to being implemented in new and already established solutions, the digital twin technology is used by businesses to test new products before committing to serial production and use, enabling the introduction of improvements and further development
Summary
This is rendered possible as a result of the development of sensors and the Internet of Things, which offers the ability to continuously acquire data and transfer it in large volumes (currently in exabytes). The other end of the process of developing a digital twin involves analytical tools, machine learning and artificial intelligence instruments which make use of this data Their dynamic development enables the effective use of data to build knowledge about a physical object, its behaviors and reactions to changes in its environment, and continuous verification of the recreation, and in some cases creating variations for the purpose of analyzing different scenarios.
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