Abstract
Healthcare projects are the most sophisticated facilities to design, construct, and operate in the architectural/engineering/construction (AEC) industry. A systematic and transparent architecture verified with practical use cases for building a digital twin (DT) would be the foremost step for effective operation and maintenance of healthcare facilities. This manuscript provides a system architecture for DT that is specifically designed at the healthcare operation level. Five layers of the digital twin healthcare facility management (DTHFM) are demonstrated in detail, including data acquisition layer, transmission layer, integrated middle platform layer, service layer, and target layer. Based on this architecture, a DT-based smart ward in Shanghai Tongji hospital was developed. It integrates heterogeneous data sources to support real-time data querying and analysis. And it promotes effective decision-making with better healthcare service, further bridging the gap between human and healthcare assets and spaces. Finally, it provides a clear roadmap of future directions and timely opportunities in DT-based healthcare facilities management.
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