Digital Game-Based Second Language Learning of JLPT N5 & N4 Grammatical Concepts for Japanese

Abstract

Learning grammatical concepts and syntax of a targeted language have been a considerable research gap in Digital Game-based Language Learning (DGBLL). In particular, the development of a digital game that leverages DGBLL affordances has yet to be done in the context of the Japanese language. This paper aims to develop a digital game that facilitates second language learning of Japanese grammatical concepts based on the N5 and N4 levels of the Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT). The resulting digital game, named Bunshiki, is a role-playing game with shoot ‘em up elements. It features gameplay mechanics that are consistent with the goal of facilitating Japanese grammar acquisition while leveraging affordances of DGBLL apps and approaches based on the two major philosophies of grammar pedagogy, namely, focus on forms (FonFs) and focus on form (FonF). A quasi-experimental test in the form of pretests and posttests was done to test the effectiveness of the game. Additionally, a usability test: the Game User Experience Satisfaction Scale (GUESS-18) was also completed by the participants. The first test has shown an improvement in their level of knowledge on JLPT N5 and N4 grammatical concepts based on the participants’ pretest scores and posttest scores. The usability test, meanwhile, boasted above average ratings across most of the categories tested.