Abstract
In this work, a high-resolution survey of the coseismic ground ruptures due to the 2016 Central Italy seismic sequence, performed through a dedicated software installed on a digital device, is strengthened by the analysis of a set of drone-acquired images. We applied this integrated approach to two active sections of the Mt Vettore active fault segment which, in the Castelluccio di Norcia plain (central Italy), were affected by surface faulting after the most energetic events of the sequence: the 24 August, Mw 6.0, Amatrice and 30 October, Mw 6.5, Norcia earthquakes. The main aim is to establish the range in which the results obtained measuring the same structures using different tools vary. An operating procedure, which can be helpful to map extensive sets of coseismic ground ruptures especially where the latter affects wide, poorly accessible, or dangerous areas, is also proposed. We compared datasets collected through different technologies, including faults attitude, dip-angles, coseismic displacements, and slip vectors. After assessing the accuracy of the results, even at centimetric resolutions, we conclude that the structural dataset obtained through remote sensing techniques shows a high degree of reliability.
Highlights
The new technologies that replace 20th-century field tools are the smartphone, handheld GlobalNavigation Satellite System (GNSS), tablets, iPad, and drones
We explored the advantage, conditions of applicability, and limits of the proposed novel approach to map and parameterize the coseismic ruptures, hundreds of meters or kilometers long, occurring along two synthetic splays of the Vettore-Mt Bove fault (VBF) referred to as Colli Alti e Bassi (CAB) and Prate
Comparing the information obtained from the morphological analysis of the fault scarp of CAB, with configuration of the coseismic surface faulting of the 2016 Central Italy seismic sequence, it is possible to make inferences on the rupturing history of the studied faults
Summary
The new technologies that replace 20th-century field tools are the smartphone, handheld GlobalNavigation Satellite System (GNSS), tablets, iPad, and drones. In particular, offer performances of a hand-compass, plus take pictures and act as both a notebook and mapping device, and gather precise location data using GNSS. They can even be equipped with GIS software. The impressive technological development characterizing the current times have brought significant improvement in field mapping techniques. The “classical” geological survey can be integrated by digital mapping carried out using several types of devices, like tablets with dedicated software, and in some particular contexts, by the acquisition of images by drones [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. The collected data enable us to reconstruct three-dimensional models of inaccessible outcrops and to explore in detail areas which, during a repetitive seismic activity, might be affected by rock falls (cliffs or outcrops at the foot of prominent fault scarp)
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