Abstract
Digital transformation affects socioeconomic systems, bringing inevitable changes to business processes, particularly those related to resource demands, networking processes, and communication mechanisms within entrepreneurial activities. Furthermore, digital transformation leads to unintended side effects on the societal system and affects the competitiveness, resilience, and viability of the overall innovation system. It also fosters the formation of new business models or the reshaping of existing ones and determines digital entrepreneurship as a process or as an outcome of business activity. The tendencies of digital entrepreneurship differ concerning the underlying innovation system conditions. The analysis and the systematization of categories and performance indicators of digitalization and digital entrepreneurship provide a framework for micro- and macro analytic perspectives. This research aims to provide a theory-based systematization of the existing performance indicators that characterize digital entrepreneurship, with a particular focus on compound indicators that characterize the tendencies of digital entrepreneurship on a country basis in the period from 2016 to 2019. As a theoretical basis for categorization and further analysis of the indicators, we applied a set of 10 determinants of digital entrepreneurship. These determinants cover a broad range of elements (from individual patterns to organizational management processes and the influence of external infrastructure and institutional settings) that define the phenomenon of digital entrepreneurship within three core dimensions: the entrepreneur, the entrepreneurial process, and the relevant ecosystem. We defined how the subindices of the chosen compound indicators are interrelated with the determinants of digital entrepreneurship. Further correlation analysis was applied in order to define the systematic interrelations between the different dimensions of digital entrepreneurship as part of a socioeconomic system.
Highlights
Current societal systems are characterized by the rapid development of technologies and digitalization
The indicator sets discussed are related to digital business and digital entrepreneurship as part of digital transformation at a country level
Applying the Digital Evolution Index, Digital Trust (The Fletcher School of Tufts University), the International Digital Economy and Society Index (European Commission), and the Network Readiness Index (World Economic Forum), we analyze the overall tendency of digitalization and the factors that show its interconnectedness with the core elements of the socioeconomic system
Summary
Current societal systems are characterized by the rapid development of technologies and digitalization. Related to communication methods and processes, networking processes, and information flows [1,2], digital transformation has become a factor of the societal transitions affecting different innovation systems. This fosters the innovative integration of entrepreneurial and business models in different industries [3,4,5,6,7], determining the development of digital entrepreneurship. The development and impact of digital entrepreneurship differ in regard to the different socioeconomic conditions, determining different patterns of digital transformation This may include challenges (e.g., [8]) and supporting conditions for doing digital business (e.g., [9]). The interrelation of existing indicators, including those that measure digital business and its different dimensions, with the overall digital transformation process is highly dynamic and non-deterministic
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