Abstract
Digital economy is one of the main themes of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025). The rapid development of new technologies—such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), and Internet of Things (IoT)—can support increased demand for cloud services and digital transformation at company and government department levels. These technologies can also boost the development of 5G base stations, data centers and the construction of other new technology infrastructures. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee in October 2019 has, for the first time, made it clear that data has become a new production factor in the era of the digital economy. We believe as the quantity and quality of the data both improve in the future, data can boost output growth in certain industries that are closely related to the digital economy and it can also provide computing power to support R&D of new technologies, serving as a source of technological innovation. New technologies represent a strong driving force for China’s digital transformation, and electricity is also a key in supporting the development of the digital economy. We believe advanced technologies can fuel the growth of computing power, and stronger computing power, in turn, can help improve technologies and support sustained growth of digital economy. In our opinion, the process of digitization can also make the conversion of electricity into computing power be more energy efficient in the future, thereby reducing CO2 emissions and boosting the growth of the digital economy. This chapter consists of four parts. In part one and two, we analyze how technologies help cities and industries improve energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions. Then in the third section, we analyze how AI and other new technologies help the technology sector become more energy efficient and achieve carbon neutrality. In the final part, we summarize the challenges that are likely to be faced throughout the process of digitization.
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