Digital Computer Simulation of Cardiovascular System in Bleeding Patient for Clinical Management

Abstract

A cardiovascular system model that simulates interactive responses to drugs has been developed on a small digital computer to realize virtual reality. The overall model basically consists of three models. The first is a momentum transport model that represents relations between blood pressure and flow in the cardiovascular system. In this model, the cardiovascular system is divided into Twelve components and modeled by using equivalent electrical circuits. The second is a mass transport model comprising twelve compartments corresponding to the respective components of the cardiovascular system. This model represents the distribution of the administered drug in the various cardiovascular components. The third is an interaction model that represents the relations between the momentum and mass transport models. This model causes variations in the resistance and capacitance parameters of the momentum transport model as a function of the current drug concentrations in the appropriate compartments of the mass transport model. The capacitances representing the ventricles are varied in a time- dependent fashion to simulate the beat of the heart. Simulation is performed by using the Euler method to solve a system of 24 ordinary differential equations governing the momentum and mass transport models on a 32-bit micro computer, a Macintosh IIfx.