Diffused magnetic transitions in NiFe2O4/SrTiO3(0 0 1) epitaxial heterostructures

Abstract

Magnetization reversal in as-grown and annealed NiFe2O4 / SrTiO3(001) epitaxial heterostructures, prepared by laser molecular beam epitaxy (LMBE), was studied using magneto-optical technique in geometry of polar (PMOKE) and longitidual (LMOKE) Kerr effect. It was found that the hysteresis loops of polarization plane rotation and ellipticity measured in LMOKE geometry are combinations of symmetric (even in magnetic field) SPart and antisymmetric (odd in magnetic field) AsPart parts, caused by quadratic (QMOKE ∼ MiMj) and linear (LMOKE ∼ Mi) in magnetization M contributions, correspondingly. The angular dependences of SPart demonstrate in-plane biaxial magnetic anisotropy (BMA) and show that magnetization reversal in as-grown structures occurs by one jump (1j) process, in contrast to the annealed structures, in which two jumps (2j) process takes place when the deviation of magnetic field from the hard axis is less than ∼20°. Analysis within the framework of the Stoner-Wohlfarth (SW) model with account of domain mechanism of magnetization jumps shows that the first jump occurs due to formation and movement of domain walls. Second jump is remarkably diffused, that is associated with the dispersion of the biaxial anisotropy field Ha and misorientations of the magnetic easy axes in different regions of the film. Narrow and strong FMR lines are observed in the most perfect structures in which the diffusion of the second jump is small. The degree of second jump diffusion can be used to assess the structural perfection of the films.