Abstract
Flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis techniques1 have contributed substantially to our understanding of the harmful and beneficial effects of radiation. The development of extremely short pulsed excitation sources means that time resolution is no longer a serious limitation to the application of these methods2,3. However, these methods have previously been restricted to transparent samples because changes in transmission of analysing light were measured following pulsed excitation. Recently4–6, we have established that photochemical processes within opaque and highly scattering systems can be studied by observing changes in diffusely-reflected analysing light following laser excitation. Many of the most important radiation-induced processes involve non-transparent, heterogeneous systems, for example, most biological systems. We report here the first successful ‘diffuse-reflectance pulse radiolysis’ experiments in which we demonstrate that time-dependent absorption spectra of short-lived species can now be measured for opaque samples following pulse radiolysis.
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