Abstract
Semiconductor components that emit or receive light can use diffractive surface structures to increase the functionality and reduce the number of additional optical components needed in the system. The diffractive structure couples the light out of, or into, the semiconductor material; it splits the light and directs it into one focus or several foci at any desired position. Further, the diffractive optics can be designed so that the function of the device is largely insensitive to the polarization of the light. In this survey, we briefly discuss design and fabrication issues, and show simulated and measured results, for a few different types of components.
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