Abstract
We investigate a relation between the energies of nuclear excited levels and its periodic phases for nuclei with A = 14 - 244 in the energy region up to several tens MeV. These levels include neutron and proton resonances, excited levels below neutron and proton separation energies and also vibrational and rotational bands in unstable nuclei. Here we use level periods less than 50 keV. We found that series of parabolic fringes appear in the plots of level energies vs. its periodic phases in various excitation modes. Distinguished fringes can be observed for neutron and proton resonances in nuclei with neutron or proton magic numbers: 37 Cl, 59 Ni, 61 Ni and 62 Ni. For neutron and proton resonances in a wide mass range of nuclei, parabolic fringes with the same periods and scales can be observed at the same incident energies. Each fringe is separated by a phase difference of 1/n , where n is an integer. We interpret the parabolic fringes as a result of interference effects based on time; a quantized phase difference of 1/n can be connected to a discrete time delay of wave pulsations. These fringe spectra were compared between different nuclear excitation modes.
Highlights
A characteristic feature of compound nucleus is its complexity
First and second fringe curves select J = 3 levels, while third and fourth ones select J = 4 levels. If we use another period of 0.437 eV, we can observe different parabolic fringes; the levels with mixed spins of J = 3 and 4 are positioned on the same fringes where each fringe has the same fringe centre and is separated by a phase difference of 1/6
We mainly used the compiled data [12]; neutron and proton resonance levels are listed in units of excitation energy so that we can compare the results obtained from different excitation modes
Summary
A characteristic feature of compound nucleus is its complexity. For massive data of these nuclei, we tried to find out simple structure, e.g. periodic level structure for neutron resonances using a correlation function An [1,2,3]. First and second fringe curves select J = 3 levels, while third and fourth ones select J = 4 levels If we use another period of 0.437 eV, we can observe different parabolic fringes; the levels with mixed spins of J = 3 and 4 are positioned on the same fringes where each fringe has the same fringe centre and is separated by a phase difference of 1/6. Since these level energies were obtained with a limited boundary condition [7], we call these resonance levels as a model spectrum. We used the period of 16.5 keV and its fractions such as 0.44, 0.55 and 1.65 keV
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