Abstract
During the last 20 years, the causative agents of bacterial spot of tomato and pepper have been subjected to many studies and reclassifications. According to the current data, the species are four (X. euvesicatoria, X. vesicatoria, X. gardneri, and X. perforans) and cause similar symptoms in plants but possess different phenotypic properties. This work provides the full metabolic characteristics obtained by Biolog system of bacterial spot's xanthomonads based on a large selection of strains from different vegetable-producing regions of Bulgaria with accent on their major differentiating properties which could be used for species differentiation by metabolic profiles. The results are compared to the data available in the literature in order to clarify the strong features of each species and distinguish the variable ones. Simple characteristics like amylase activity and utilization of cis-aconitate cannot serve alone for differentiation.
Highlights
Bacterial spot of tomato and pepper plants has been observed in areas with high humidity and warm climate
The strains originate from different pepper and tomato producing regions of Bulgaria
The bacteria were identified by PCR amplification with species-specific primers as Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (54 strains from pepper), Xanthomonas vesicatoria (115 strains: from pepper, 59 from tomato, and 27 from weeds) and Xanthomonas gardneri (15 from tomato) ([9, 10], Kizheva et al, unpublished)
Summary
Bacterial spot of tomato and pepper plants has been observed in areas with high humidity and warm climate. Until 1990s, it was considered that the group of strains causing bacterial spot belonged to a single species, Xanthomonas campestris pv. According to the current data, the four species cause similar symptoms but possess different phenotypic properties. Biolog system which is based on ability for utilization of different carbon sources has proved to be very convenient to complete diagnostics. It has been successfully used for different bacteria including xanthomonads. This study aims to provide the full metabolic profiles of the bacterial spot’s xanthomonads based on a large selection of strains from Bulgaria with accent on their major differentiating characteristics which could be used for species identification by metabolic profiles. The results are compared to the data in the literature in order to clarify the strong features of each species and distinguish the variable ones
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